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鄂维南院士：科学智能进入“下半场” 未来需推动科研平权化_我的网站

大秦帝国之纵横

A | 中新社北京8月21日电 (记者孙自法)中国科学院院士、北京大学数学科学学院讲席教授鄂维南21日指出，科学智能(AI for Science，简称AI4S)已进入“下半场”，面向未来，需要推动科研平权化。

Illustration: Liu Rui/GTA new report funded by Australia's Department of Defense played up security risks to submarine cables in the Indo-Pacific waters and pointed finger at China and some other countries over alleged undersea‑cable attacks in recent years, while claiming threats against subsea cables are growing. A Chinese expert said that accusing China without conclusive evidence constitutes "over‑securitization" made by Australian side, as well as a calculated pretext for its own military expansion.
Published by the National Security College at the Australian National University (ANU), the paper claimed recent damage to cables in the Baltic Sea and around China's Taiwan region suggests "state actors are now actively probing and testing cable infrastructure in peacetime as part of broader hybrid warfare strategies" to rapidly degrade connectivity at the outset of a conflict, The Australian reported.
The paper claimed 16 privately owned subsea cables that carry 99 percent of Australia's internet traffic are a "high priority target" for Australia's adversaries that could be severed in a conflict, threatening the nation's economy and social fabric, according to The Australian.
The report singled out China and Russia for blame, saying that there have been multiple apparent attacks on submarine cables in recent years in European waters as well as near China's Taiwan region, suspected to be linked to Russia and China, the Straits Times reported.
However, the report cites a 2025 voyage by Chinese research vessel Tan Suo Yi Hao along Australia's western and southern coastlines as evidence to back its claim that "potential adversaries are actively gathering information about Australia's cable infrastructure."
This report, relying on the routine scientific operations of a Chinese research vessel in 2025 to level allegations of offensive actions against China, and employing ambiguous terminology such as "suspected" and "potential," demonstrates Australia's evidentiary leap, Chen Hong, director of the Australian Studies Center of East China Normal University, told the Global Times on Monday.
This erroneous claim was refuted by the Chinese Foreign Ministry at the time. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Guo Jiakun said on March 31, 2025 that China carries out normal activities at sea in accordance with international law, including UNCLOS.
"We hope Australia will have a right understanding of this and stop the groundless suspicion and speculations," Guo added.
This is not the first time certain Australian politicians has leveled baseless accusations of China intending to sabotage its undersea cables. Back in May, Defense Minister Richard Marles claimed during the Shangri-La Dialogue that China ought to boost transparency around its maritime operations. He also asserted that a surge in damage to subsea cables had transformed the seabed into a "battlefield," per The Australian.
Chen said Australian side's scaremongering is tied to its predictive threat‑perception framework forged in recent years. This framework designates China and other countries as strategic competitors in advance, subsequently forces routine scientific activities into a confrontational framework, Chen said.
Apart from unfounded allegations against China, the paper claims Australia's defense military "must incorporate the defense of submarine cable infrastructure into its operational planning," according to The Australian.
It added the government should also consider up¬grading an auxiliary ship operated by the navy, ADV Guidance, to enable it to repair damaged cables.
The vast majority of submarine cable damages are caused by accidental factors such as fishing operations and vessel anchoring, rather than deliberate sabotage. For suspected cases of intentional damage, independent technical investigation bodies should be established, and the principle of "investigate first, characterize later" should be strictly applied, so as to prevent ordinary maritime accidents from escalating into diplomatic conflicts, Chen said.
The core problem of Australian side's submarine cable security lies entirely with itself. Instead of addressing its own infrastructure shortcomings and improving its domestic protection and maintenance systems, the Australian side has chosen to continually exaggerate external threats and stoke bloc confrontation, the expert added.
Chen said that by fabricating alleged Chinese threats, Australian side seeks to "rationalize" its military spending increases and underwater force expansion. The submarine digital infrastructure originally meant to serve global development has been labeled along us versus them lines, and this constitutes the biggest hidden danger, he added.
。　　当天，聚焦人工智能(AI)赋能科学研究，以“人工智能变革科研范式”为主题的2026科学智能大会在北京中关村开幕。鄂维南在大会全体会议上以“开启AI for Science的下半场——人工智能时代的科研体系探索”为题作学术报告。 8月21日，2026科学智能大会全体会议上，鄂维南院士作学术报告。中新社记者孙自法摄　　他说，科学智能已进入“下半场”，重心正从人工智能方法探索，转向人工智能时代科研体系的系统性变革。

B | 　　当前科研体系以论文发表为核心衡量标准，客观上稀释了“自由探索”与“科学发现”的初心；而人工智能正在重塑知识获取、理论计算和实验工具，通过平台化科研与“干湿闭环”大幅提升探索效率。

C | 　　鄂维南表示，面向未来，需要推动科研平权化，以产业视角打通“人才、创新、市场、资金”等环节，建立低成本、高效率的科研工具与成果转化体系，让有能力的个人和团队都能参与科技创新，同时切实保护自由探索这一颠覆性创新的核心要素。

D | 　　2026科学智能大会为期两天，两场全体会议、14场平行会议推出百余场高水平学术报告，大会紧扣“基础设施—范式创新—产业应用”三层逻辑，围绕基础研究、科技创新与产业创新融合、国际科技合作三大专题展开交流，并集中亮相一批科学智能领域重要成果。　　本次大会由“学术科协”科学智能专家委员会提供学术指导，中国科技发展基金会、北京科学智能研究院共同主办。